CURL

cURL is a command-line tool for getting or sending data including files using URL syntax. cURL supports a range of common network protocols, currently including HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, SCP, SFTP, TFTP, LDAP, DAP, DICT, TELNET, FILE, IMAP, POP3, SMTP and RTSP.

Basic Usage

• curl -vvv https://google.com
• curl https://google.com/file_to_download -o output_file_name
• curl -sS https://google.com

-s  Avoid showing progress bar

• curl -u YOUR_USERNAME:YOUR_PASSWORD https://yourpasswordprotectedpage.com/
• Save your cookies and reuse them:

curl --user user:pass --cookie-jar ./somefile_with_your_cookies https://xyz.com/a

curl --cookie ./omefile_with_your_cookiese https://xyz.com/b

• curl --header 'X-JFrog-Art-Api: 1234567890'
• curl --header "PRIVATE-TOKEN: <your_access_token>" https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/notification_settings

• Upload a file:

curl -u YOUR_USERNAME:YOUR_PASSWORD -T FILE_TO_UPLOAD https://yourpasswordprotectedpage.com/your_destionation
-T, --upload-file <file>

• Display HTTP response headers:

curl -sD - -o /dev/null http://example.com

-s  Avoid showing progress bar
-D  Dump headers to a file, but - sends it to stdout
-o /dev/null  Ignore response body

• curl -XDELETE localhost:9200/index/type/documentID (Invoke-WebRequest -method DELETE http://localhost:9200/_all)

Offers the same features to fetch remote banner information from HTTP servers:

curl -s -I 192.168.0.15 | grep -e "Server: "

Other options:

-k, --insecure
-L, --location

Advance usage

• Use cURL to measure request and response times: https://stackoverflow.com/a/22625150

Related terms

• JSON

See also

• wget, cURL, links, lynx, elinks, w3m, httpie, opensearch-cli curl, --no-check-certificate, wget --help
• Netcat
• wget: wget -r http://example.com/
• iwr (Invoke-WebRequest) PowerShell functionality
• links (browser), lynx (browser), Elinks (browser) command line browsers

http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/curl.1.html

https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/api/notification_settings.html#global-notification-settings

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3252851/how-to-display-request-headers-with-command-line-curl