Terraform

wikipedia:Terraform (software) (2014) is an open-source infrastructure as code software.

• Terraform Cloud (September 2019)
• Terraform Enterprise
• Terraform Registry

Technical characteristics

• HCL2 based
• Types: strings, number, bool, list, maps, set, tuple, object, any and null (Terraform 0.12)

Supported platforms/providers

• AWS: AWS EKS, GCP, IBM Cloud, DigitalOcean, Azure: Azure Stack, AzureRM, OpenStack, ServiceNow, F5 Networks, Nutanix, Tecent Cloud, Helm, Oracle OCI, Brightbox, RightScale, Linode, SkyTap, UCloud, Hedvig, Zabbix

Installation

• macOS: brew install terraform.
• Ubuntu: snap install terraform or snap install terraform-snap

Terraform commands

• terraform init
• terraform plan
• terraform apply
• terraform remote config
• terraform destroy
• terraform fmt
  • terraform fmt -check
• terraform show
• terraform validate
• terraform login

Common Terraform commands

terraform --help

Main commands:
  init          Prepare your working directory for other commands
  validate      Check whether the configuration is valid
  plan          Show changes required by the current configuration
  apply         Create or update infrastructure
  destroy       Destroy previously-created infrastructure

All other commands:
  console       Try Terraform expressions at an interactive command prompt
  fmt           Reformat your configuration in the standard style
  force-unlock  Release a stuck lock on the current workspace
  get           Install or upgrade remote Terraform modules
  graph         Generate a Graphviz graph of the steps in an operation
  import        Associate existing infrastructure with a Terraform resource
  login         Obtain and save credentials for a remote host
  logout        Remove locally-stored credentials for a remote host
  output        Show output values from your root module
  providers     Show the providers required for this configuration
  refresh       Update the state to match remote systems
  show          Show the current state or a saved plan
  state         Advanced state management
  taint         Mark a resource instance as not fully functional
  untaint       Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource instance
  version       Show the current Terraform version
  workspace     Workspace management

Global options (use these before the subcommand, if any):

 -chdir=DIR    Switch to a different working directory before executing the
               given subcommand.
 -help         Show this help output, or the help for a specified subcommand.
 -version      An alias for the "version" subcommand.

Older versions:

    apply              Builds or changes infrastructure
    console            Interactive console for Terraform interpolations
    destroy            Destroy Terraform-managed infrastructure
    fmt                Rewrites config files to canonical format
    get                Download and install modules for the configuration
    graph              Create a visual graph of Terraform resources
    import             Import existing infrastructure into Terraform
    init               Initialize a new or existing Terraform configuration
    output             Read an output from a state file
    plan               Generate and show an execution plan
    providers          Prints a tree of the providers used in the configuration
    push               Upload this Terraform module to Terraform Enterprise to run
    refresh            Update local state file against real resources
    show               Inspect Terraform state or plan
    taint              Manually mark a resource for recreation
    untaint            Manually unmark a resource as tainted
    validate           Validates the Terraform files
    version            Prints the Terraform version
    workspace          Workspace management

All other commands:
    0.12upgrade        Rewrites pre-0.12 module source code for v0.12
    0.13upgrade        Rewrites pre-0.13 module source code for v0.13
    debug              Debug output management (experimental)
    force-unlock       Manually unlock the terraform state
    push               Obsolete command for Terraform Enterprise legacy (v1)
    state              Advanced state management

Activities

1. Read Terraform blog: https://www.hashicorp.com/blog/category/terraform/
2. Read Terraform: Up & Running, 2nd edition Early Release is now available! https://blog.gruntwork.io/terraform-up-running-2nd-edition-early-release-is-now-available-b104fc29783f
3. Terraform: Hello_world.tf
4. Terraform, read files

Related

• HCL, HCL2
• terraform_remote_state
• count parameter for iterations
• Remote state backends to manage Terraform state
• Terragrunt
• Releases: https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform/releases
• Terraform libvirt provider
• Heredocs

See also

• Terraform, OpenTofu, Terrakube.org, Installation, Terraform AWS, Terraform GCP, Terraform commands, Terraform Cloud, Terraform Enterprise (TFE), HCL, HIL, meta-arguments, providers, modules, resource, provisioners, data sources, backends: remote backends, examples, configuration files, state files, variables, types, Terraform Registry, conditionals: depends_on, functions, Blocks, dynamic blocks, errors, Terragrunt, Terraformer, Terratest, Terraform certifications, Terraform map type, Terraform Associate, Terraform: list type, TF_VAR_, TF_LOG, Terraform provider versioning, Terraform Style Conventions, Required version, Terraform plugin, Terraform Named Values, tags, Changelog, tfsec, tflint, Operators, Expressions: for, splat, Debugging, Namespaces, Terraform Landing Zones, CDKTF, Atmos
• IaC: Terraform, Chef, cdist, capistrano, Harrow, puppet, Ansible, CFEngine, Cloud Deployment Manager, pulumi, juju, SaltStack, Azure Resource Manager (ARM), Google Deployment Manager, AWS CloudFormation, Pulumi, Heat, Spacelift, Oracle Cloud Resource Manager, KICS, Troposphere, CaC, IaC scanning
• Cloud: cloud providers, cloud timeline, serverless computing, AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, DigitalOcean, IBM Cloud, Alibaba CloudAlibaba, Tencent, Baidu, VPC, Cloud Foundry, Snowflake, Huawei Cloud, Oracle Cloud, CISPE, CIPS, Free trial, Cloudera, Vantage.sh, Render

https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/index.html