$?

echo $? prints the exit status of the last executed command in the terminal. The exit status is a numeric value that indicates whether the command completed successfully or encountered an error. A value of 0 indicates success, while non-zero values indicate an error.

Examples

mkdir -p /path/to/root/in/macos
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/path’: Read-only file system

-p, --parents makes parents directories if needed and no error if existing

echo $?
1

apt -qqq update -y && apt -qqq upgrade -y; echo $?

Related

• exit
• $
• apt update

See also

• Exit codes, exit, set, exit 0, $?, exit status 127
• set, unset, set -o, set -x, set -e, set +e, set -E, set +b, set -u, $?, exit, return, trap, PostgreSQL SET, set --erase (fish shell), set -gx
• Bash [ -c ], alias, &&, Bash history, Autocompletion, set, unset, export, .bash_aliases, .bashrc and .bash profile, PS1, echo, brace expansion, Function, shopt, trap, set -e, source, PATH, complete, disown, .hushlogin, .bashrc, builtin, eval, set, $PATH, $HOME, TZ, .profile, -e, -i, Builtin (Bash), mapfile, ~, return (Bash), for, until, declare, dirname, basename, functions.sh, Bash arithmetic expansion, shift, bash --rcfile, readonly, $1, $@, Bash versions, Backslash \